LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED

Abbreviation Full Form
TTH Tension-Type Headache
TAC Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgia
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
CT Computed Tomography
WHO World Health Organization
GBD Global Burden of Disease
ICHD International Classification of Headache Disorders
MIDAS Migraine Disability Assessment
HIT-6 Headache Impact Test-6
PHQ Patient Health Questionnaire
GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder
SD Standard Deviation
IQR Interquartile Range
SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
YLD Years Lived with Disability

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Headache is a prevalent neurological disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide, with a significant impact on the quality of life. Despite the high global prevalence, limited data is available on primary headaches in the Bundelkhand region of Central India.
Objectives: This study aims to document the clinical profile, prevalence, and associated comorbidities of different types of primary headaches in the adult population of the Bundelkhand region.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi. Adult patients presenting with primary headaches were assessed for sociodemographic details, headache characteristics, and associated comorbidities. The diagnosis was made based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) criteria. Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Allodynia Symptom Checklist-12 (ASC-12) were used to assess disability and symptoms. Generalized Anxiety Disorder score (GAD), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to assess anxiety and depression.
Results: Out of 380 participants, tension type headache was the most common diagnosis, affecting 56.6% of the population, followed by migraine (41.1%). Most migraine patients fell into MIDAS Grade II (37.8%) and Grade III (31.4%), indicating moderate to severe disability. Women were more likely to suffer from primary headache disorders compared to men. A significant association was found between migraine and generalized anxiety disorder (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Migraine and tension-type headaches are the most common primary headaches in the Bundelkhand region, with a higher prevalence among females. The findings highlight the need for improved diagnostic and treatment protocols to reduce the disability burden caused by primary headaches.
Keywords: Primary headaches, Migraine, Tension-type headache, Disability, Bundelkhand region

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